![]() ![]() As a case in point, it took the Port of Oakland 20 years to begin the first phase of a channel-deepening project. Maintenance and expansion of navigation channels often is impeded by delays in the granting of permits, a complex web of environmental regulations, and disagreements about how to dispose of dredged material. For example, the harbor at Newark, New Jersey, is so shallow outside the dredged channel and so prone to siltation that very large ships must unload part of their cargo in Nova Scotia or elsewhere, thereby raising shipping costs and putting the port at a competitive disadvantage. ports are cramped for space, with narrow navigation channels, shallow harbors, and congested truck and rail access routes. ![]() Since the movement of freight by sea is expected to triple by the year 2020, this is indeed a troubling scenario. ports will soon become obsolete in the absence of significant upgrading and investment. ![]() And while ports throughout Europe and Asia are becoming more modern and productive, many U.S. Many aspects of port infrastructure and management are relics from mid-century. seaports are showing signs of neglect, a disturbing prospect as the nation competes in an increasingly dynamic global economy. ![]()
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